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  • Virtual reality: Jaron Lanier, head of VPL Research of Redwood City, California. Fiber- optic sensors in the black rubber glove Lanier is wearing transmit a user's movements into the computer-generated virtual environment. A user's view of such a world is projected by the computer into 2 eye phones mounted on a headset. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_23_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Jaron Lanier, head of VPL Research of Redwood City, California, photographed surrounded by demonstration images of the virtual, non-real worlds that VPL have created. Fiber- optic sensors in the black rubber glove Lanier is wearing transmit a user's movements into the computer-generated virtual environment. A user's view of such a world is projected by the computer into 2 eye phones mounted on a headset. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_25_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Jaron Lanier, head of VPL Research of Redwood City, California, photographed surrounded by demonstration images of the virtual, non-real worlds that VPL have created. Fiber- optic sensors in the black rubber glove Lanier is wearing transmit a user's movements into the computer-generated virtual environment. A user's view of such a world is projected by the computer into 2 eye phones mounted on a headset (seen unworn at left, on top of the computer monitor). Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_24_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Jaron Lanier, head of VPL Research of Redwood City, California, photographed surrounded by demonstration images of the virtual, non-real worlds that VPL have created. Fiber- optic sensors in the black rubber glove Lanier is wearing tranmsit a user's movements into the computer-generated virtual environment. A user's view of such a world is projected by the computer into 2 eyephones mounted on a headset (seen unworn at left, on top of the computer monitor). Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_21_xs.jpg
  • Silicon Valley, California; Jean-Louis Gassee, President and C.E.O. of Be Software, a start-up company in Palo Alto that was trying to sell Apple it's new operating system. Gassee showed us his outfit for dealing with venture capitalists: kneepads and a bottle of mouthwash. Model Released (1999).
    USA_SVAL_17_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Jaron Lanier, head of VPL Research of Redwood City, California. Fiber- optic sensors in the black rubber glove Lanier is wearing transmit a user's movements into the computer-generated virtual environment. A user's view of such a world is projected by the computer into 2 eye phones mounted on a headset. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_22_xs.jpg
  • Works Project Administration (WPA) mural portrays California agriculture. Coit tower, San Francisco, California. USA The murals in Coit Tower were painted under the supervision of Mexican artist Diego Rivera during the 1930's, and carry strong socialist themes. They were very controversial at that time.
    USA_MURL_3_xs.jpg
  • Works Project Administration (WPA) mural portrays city life. Coit tower, San Francisco, California. USA The murals in Coit Tower were painted under the supervision of Mexican artist Diego Rivera during the 1930's, and carry strong socialist themes. They were very controversial at that time.
    USA_MURL_2_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality & the home computer. Home-based computer scientist, John Schultz, plays a 3-D video game in 3-D stereo sound featuring space-planes dog-fighting, which he wrote for his home computer. Entitled The Event Horizon Simulator the game runs on an Atari 2000 computer, using conventional stereo headphones and a basic LCD headset. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_18_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: data suit design. John Bumgarner at VPL Research Inc., Redwood City, California, discussing technical points relating to the design of the blue data suit being worn by Lou Ellen Jones on left. VPL produces virtual reality systems - computer generated graphical environments that a user may enter & interact with. Visual contact is provided by a headset equipped with 3-D goggles. A spatial sensor on the headset (to fix the user's position in space) and numerous optical fiber sensors woven into the data suit relay data back to the computer. The forerunner to the data suit is the data glove, which restricted the user's virtual interaction to hand gestures. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_33_xs.jpg
  • Silicon Valley, California;.The birthplace of Apple Computers: Steven Jobs parents' house in 1976 at 2066 Crist Drive in Los Altos, California. The operation was started in a bedroom, but soon moved to the garage. (1999).
    USA_SVAL_02a_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: fitting adjustments being made to a data suit (blue, center) by Lou Ellen Jones, Asif Emon and Bea Holster at VPL research, Redwood City, California. VPL specializes in virtual or artificial reality systems, the production of computer-generated graphical environments that users may enter. Visual contact with such artificial worlds is provided by a headset equipped with 3-D goggles. A spatial sensor on the headset (to fix the user's position in space) and numerous optical fiber sensors woven into the data suit, relay data back to the computer. The forerunner to the data suit is the data glove, which restricted the user's virtual interaction to hand gestures. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_34_xs.jpg
  • Philip Zimmerman: a data security expert who wrote a famous cryptography program for encoding computer communications, at the IT Conference on Computer Freedom and Privacy in San Francisco, California (1995) Zimmermann created a powerful encryption program called "Pretty Good Privacy" (PGP) and made it available for free. Zimmermann is in trouble now because his "cryptography for the masses" slipped out of America via the Internet and has been downloaded by many foreigners. He was being investigated for violating a federal weapons-export-law. (Because it makes it hard for the Feds to eavesdrop on the Internet when people encrypt their messages). Zimmermann was photographed with looking through the encryption code that was printed out on acetate. Model Released. (1995).
    USA_SCI_COMP_05_120_xs.jpg
  • Namgay family pit toilet in Shingkhey, Bhutan, was part of a program mandated by the country's king to force the Bhutanese to use a specific location for toileting. This program has not been a success. Most families still use the surrounding bushes and fields. Published in Material World: A Global Family Portrait, Toilets of the World page 225.
    Bhu_mw_10_xxs.jpg
  • Namgay family toilet in Shingkhey, Bhutan, was part of a program mandated by the country's king to force the Bhutanese to use a specific location for toileting. This program has not been a success. Most families still use the surrounding bushes and fields (1994). Shingkhey Village, Bhutan. From Peter Menzel's Material World Project.
    Bhu_mw_740_xs.jpg
  • Philip Zimmerman: a data security expert who has written a famous cryptography program for encoding computer communications, at the IT Conference on Computer Freedom and Privacy in San Francisco, California. Zimmermann created a powerful encryption program called "Pretty Good Privacy" (PGP) and made it available for free. Zimmermann is in trouble now because his "cryptography for the masses" slipped out of America via the Internet and has been downloaded by many foreigners. He was being investigated for violating a federal weapons-export-law. (Because it makes it hard for the Feds to eavesdrop on the Internet when people encrypt their messages). Zimmermann was photographed with an encryption code projected on his face in two colors. Model Released. (1995).
    USA_SCI_COMP_02_120_xs.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Food is distributed free of charge by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). Here, women pound grain into meal with a traditional heavy wooden mortar and pestle. (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8757_xf1brw.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Food is distributed free of charge by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). Here women line up to get their ration of grain ground into meal at a portable diesel powered mill operated by a local entrepreneur who is paid with a small percentage of the grain. (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8721_xf1brw.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Men move bags of donated and purchased grain which is handed out to the refugee families who are organized into blocks every month by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8541_xf1brw.jpg
  • (MODEL RELEASED IMAGE). The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Food is distributed free of charge by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). Here 12 year old Acha Aboubakar prepares to take her family's (her mother is a widow and she has 4 brothers and sisters) ration of grain ground into meal at a portable diesel powered mill operated by a local entrepreneur who is paid with a small percentage of the grain. (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8813_xf1brw.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people (in tents provided by the UNHCR: United Nations High Commission for Refugees) who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Food is distributed free of charge by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8780_xf1brw.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Food is distributed free of charge by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program), but here in this camp market at the end of Ramadan, large numbers of watermelons are sold for the feast at the end of this month long Muslim holiday. (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8576_xf1brw.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_035.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_032.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_033.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_031.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_026.jpg
  • Wine and cheese with Dario Sattui, Yana and Faith before  the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, where Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_023.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_035_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_032_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_027_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_025_x.jpg
  • Mackenzie Wolfson plays field hockey with her counterparts who are also part of a weight loss program at Camp Shane in the Catskill Mountains, New York. (MacKenzie Wolfson is featured in the What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  A couple other girls do crunches lying on their backs on the grass in the shade on a hot afternoon. There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_270_xw.jpg
  • Mackenzie Wolfson plays softball with her counterparts  who are also part of a weight loss program at Camp Shane in the Catskill Mountains, New York. (MacKenzie Wolfson is featured in the What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_197_xw.jpg
  • Kibet Serems' grandmother who lives near their farm by herself in a small house.  (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  Kibet, who is 25 years old, cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge. He milks, feeds, waters and cares for the cows twice a day with the help of the wives of his brothers who also live on the property in their own houses.
    KEN_090227_330_xw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem and his sister-in-law Emily milk cows on their small tea plantation in their village near Kericho, Kenya. (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets. He is 25 years of age.) He cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge. He milks, feeds, waters and cares for the cows twice a day with the help of the wives of his brothers who also live on the property in their own houses.
    KEN_090227_155_xw.jpg
  • Abdel Karim Aboubakar, a Sudanese refugee at the Breidjing Refugee Camp in Eastern Chad. (Abdel Karim Aboubakar is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) The caloric value of his day's worth of food on a typical day in the month of November was 2300 kcals. He is 16 years of age; 5 feet 9.5 inches tall; and 110 pounds. Aboubakar escaped over the border from the Darfur region of Sudan into eastern Chad with his mother and siblings, just ahead of the Janjaweed militia that were burning villages of black Sudanese tribes. Like thousands of other refugees, they were accepted into the camp program administrated by the United Nations High Commission on Refugees. Their meals are markedly similar to those they ate in their home country; there's just less of it. They eat a grain porridge called aiysh, with a thin soup flavored with a dried vegetable or sometimes a small chunk of dried meat if Abdel Karim's mother has been able to work in a villager's field for a day or two. MODEL RELEASED. .
    CHA_041114_700_xw.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_034.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_030.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_027.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_025.jpg
  • Wine and cheese with Dario Sattui, Yana and Faith before  the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, where Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_024.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_034_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_033_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_031_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_030_x.jpg
  • At the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_026_x.jpg
  • Wine and cheese with Dario Sattui, Yana and Faith before  the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, where Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_024_x.jpg
  • FINAL CONTACT: "GRAVEWATCH".  Photo Illustration for the Future of Communication GEO (Germany) Special issue. Fictional Representation and Caption: Interactive gravestones became quite popular in the 21st century. Adding snippets of video of the diseased was quite easy to program since nearly every family had extensively documented their family time with small digital videocams. AI (artificial intelligence) computer programs made conversations with the dead quite easy. These virtual visits to the underworld became passé within a decade however, and graveyard visits became less common. By mid-century many people wanted to insure that their relatives would continue paying their respects, and keeping their memory alive. New technology insured regular visits to the gravesite to pick up a monthly inheritance check issued electronically by a built-in device with wireless connection to the living relative's bank account. Face recognition (and retinal scanners on high-end models) insured that family members were present during the half-hour visits. A pressure pad at the foot of the grave activated the system and after 30 minutes of kneeling at the grave, watching videos or prerecorded messages or admonitions, a message flashed on the screen, indicating that a deposit had been made electronically to their bank account. For the Wright family of Napa, California, there is no other way to collect Uncle Eno's inheritance other than by monthly kneelings. ["Gravewatch" tombstones shown with "Retscan" retinal scanning ID monitors.] MODEL RELEASED
    USA_SCI_COMM_07_xs.jpg
  • Mackenzie Wolfson plays tennis with her counterparts as part of a weight loss program at Camp Shane in the Catskill Mountains, New York. (MacKenzie Wolfson is featured in the What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_552_xw.jpg
  • A weight loss camper plays tennis during a weight loss program at Camp Shane, Catskill Mountains, New York.
    USA_080717_539_xw.jpg
  • Mackenzie Wolfson plays tennis with her counterparts as part of a weight loss program at Camp Shane  in the Catskill Mountains, New York. (MacKenzie Wolfson is featured in the What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_532_xw.jpg
  • Mackenzie Wolfson plays tennis with her counterparts during a weight loss program at Camp Shane Catskill Mountains, New York. (MacKenzie Wolfson is featured in the What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_526_xw.jpg
  • The weight loss camp?called Camp Shane?in upstate New York.  Meal portions are tightly controlled, and camp activities include field hockey, softball, tennis, swimming and aerobics. Meetings with nutritionists and weekly weigh-ins are part of the program. Camp Shane is a weight loss camp for children, teens, and young adults, in the Catskills Region of New York State, established in 1969.
    USA_080717_360_xxw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem and his sister-in-law Emily strain the milk from the family's five cows in their village near Kericho, Kenya. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets. He is 25 years of age.) He cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge. He milks, feeds, waters and cares for the cows twice a day with the help of the wives of his brothers who also live on the property in their own houses.
    KEN_090227_169_xxw.jpg
  • Kibet Serems' grandmother who lives near their farm by herself in a small house.  (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  Kibet, who is 25 years old, cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it.
    KEN_090227_305_xw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem, pours morning tea for his father and guests.  (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  At age 25, he cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it.
    KEN_090227_242_xw.jpg
  • Tea bushes on a small plantation. Kibet Serem cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) He is 25 years of age. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it.
    KEN_090227_233_xw.jpg
  • The daughter of Kibet Serem's brother on her way to school with the tea field in the background. (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  Kibet Serem cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He is 25 years of age. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge. He milks, feeds, waters and cares for the cows twice a day with the help of the wives of his brothers who also live on the property in their own houses.
    KEN_090227_141_xw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets. He is 25 years of age.)  He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge. He milks, feeds, waters and cares for the cows twice a day with the help of the wives of his brothers who also live on the property in their own houses.
    KEN_090227_090_xw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem having a lunch of pinto beans and rice here with his mother and sister-in-law. He cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns.  (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets. He is 25 years of age.) He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge.
    KEN_090227_074_xw.jpg
  • At the MIT Media Lab in Cambridge, MA, Joshua Bers models virtual reality gloves and tracking devices while calibrating them. Bers is working on his master's thesis under Richard Bolt. He is seen wearing the equipment detailed above for calibration purposes. Once programmed and calibrated, he can move virtual objects around in a virtual room. Bolt is working on multi-modal interaction using speech, gesture, and gaze. He is attempting to program computers to interact with their users by non-standard (keyboard, mouse) methods.
    Usa_rs_105_xs.jpg
  • In Suzuka City, Japan, ASIMO, (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility), a humanoid robot designed by Honda stands with the Suzuka Circuit Queen, and waves to the audience. Honda's walking robot, is child-sized and has more maneuverability than it's predecessor, the Honda P3. Unlike the P3, which couldn't be stopped once it began it's programmed routine, ASIMO can be controlled by either joystick or computer program. Pictured here at Suzuka City (a race track and amusement park), Japan.
    Japan_Jap_rs_354_xs.jpg
  • Wine and cheese with Dario Sattui, Yana and Faith before  the Napa Valley Festival del Sole, where Joyce Yang joined violinist Sarah Chang, cellist Nina Kotova, violist Katie Kadarauch and soprano Nino Machaidze in a chamber music program that included the Brahms Piano Quartet in C Minor, at Castello di Amorosa, Napa Valley winery castle built by Dario Sattui.
    USA_110721_023_x.jpg
  • FINAL CONTACT: "GRAVEWATCH".  Photo Illustration for the Future of Communication GEO (Germany) Special issue. Fictional Representation and Caption: Interactive gravestones became quite popular in the 21st century. Adding snippets of video of the diseased was quite easy to program since nearly every family had extensively documented their family time with small digital videocams. AI (artificial intelligence) computer programs made conversations with the dead quite easy. These virtual visits to the underworld became passé within a decade however, and graveyard visits became less common. By mid-century many people wanted to insure that their relatives would continue paying their respects, and keeping their memory alive. New technology insured regular visits to the gravesite to pick up a monthly inheritance check issued electronically by a built-in device with wireless connection to the living relative's bank account. Face recognition (and retinal scanners on high-end models) insured that family members were present during the half-hour visits. A pressure pad at the foot of the grave activated the system and after 30 minutes of kneeling at the grave, watching videos or prerecorded messages or admonitions, a message flashed on the screen, indicating that a deposit had been made electronically to their bank account. For the Wright family of Napa, California, there is no other way to collect Uncle Eno's inheritance other than by monthly kneelings. ["Gravewatch" tombstones shown with "Retscan" retinal scanning ID monitors.] MODEL RELEASED
    USA_SCI_COMM_06_xs.jpg
  • The Counter Intelligence program at MIT Media Lab in Boston, Massachusetts is focusing on developing a digitally connected kitchen of the future. By exploring new technologies they hope to expand the art of food preparation as well as social interactions in the kitchen. One aspect of their research is to create kitchen utensils that contain memories. In this image a digital scale helps to measure out meals.  Scale built into countertop. While the project is ongoing, these images were shot in 1999. (1999)
    USA_SCI_MIT_01_xs.jpg
  • Harold Cohen, former director of the Center for Research in Computing and the Arts (CRCA), is the author of the celebrated AARON program, an ongoing research effort in autonomous machine (art making) intelligence. Cohen is seen looking at his creation, a robot "artist" that painted the picture in the background. California, USA
    Usa_rs_700_120_xs.jpg
  • Faith D'Aluisio, co-author of the book, What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets, arranges the food items of Kibet Serem, a tea producer and small scale farmer in Kericho, Kenya. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets). Kibet cares for this small tea plantation near Kericho, Kenya, that his father planted on their property when Kibet was a young boy. He is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge.
    KEN_090227_488_xxw.jpg
  • Paul Jefferson, a blind amputee in army hospital in England was wounded by a land mine in Kuwait. Paul Jefferson, who had overseen the de-mining of the Falklands. He had also written a manual on defusing Russian land mines. But he stepped on one and lost a leg, his eyes, and parts of his hands. I visited him in a veterans' hospital for the blind in England a few months later and made a short video on his rehabilitation and recollections of the accident. In this photo he is being taught to type with a computer program that sounds out the letters as he types them.
    KUW_073_xs.jpg
  • Star Wars research: neutral particle beam accelerator at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The accelerator was part of the Reagan White House project for a space-based accelerator that could produce a high-energy, uncharged particle beam that might examine, disarm, & even destroy distant objects (such as ballistic missiles), as part of America's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) - the "Star Wars" program. Neutral (uncharged) particle beams are necessary because the influence of the Earth's magnetic field on electrically charged particles would cause them to travel in spirals. Los Alamos, New Mexico. (1988)
    USA_SCI_NUKE_50_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia: The annual Snow Bath at the Winter Carnival in Quebec, Canada. Onlookers gather to cheer on these snow bathers. Seventy-five courageous men and women brave the cold. Their only protection: a bathing suit. Three quick dips in the snow interrupted with a short break out of the cold are part of the program. Ice Palace seen in the background. [1988]
    CAN_SCI_HYP_01_xs.jpg
  • Faith D'Aluisio, co-author of the book, What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets, arranges the food items of Kibet Serem, a tea producer and small scale farmer in Kericho, Kenya. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets). Kibet cares for this small tea plantation near Kericho, Kenya, that his father planted on their property when Kibet was a young boy. He is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge.
    KEN_090227_488_xxw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem hangs up laundry that he has just washed.  (Kibet Serem is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets. He is 25 years of age.) He cares for a small tea plantation that his father planted on their property near Kericho, Kenya when Kibet was a young boy and he is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He is 25 years of age. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it.
    KEN_090227_231_xw.jpg
  • Kibet Serem, a tea plantation farmer, with his day's worth in his tea plantation near Kericho, Kenya. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) The caloric value of his typical day's worth of food in the month of February was 3100 kcals. He is 25 years if age; 5 feet, 11 inches tall; and 143 pounds. He cares for this small tea plantation that his father planted on their property when Kibet was a young boy. He is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. His staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge. MODEL RELEASED.
    KEN_090227_450_xxw.jpg
  • Silicon Valley, California; Icarian Corporation Software; 4 PM: CEO Doug Merritt meets with three employees to strategize on an internal program to instill company values in their employees. The ping pong table they are meeting over was Icarian's first meeting table. All of Icarian's employees are ranked according to their ping-pong ability and there is a "ladder" of their ranking posted on the web. (1999).
    USA_SVAL_222_xs.jpg
  • Communicating with computers.  Richard Bolt.  Bolt is working on multi-modal interaction using speech, gesture, and gaze.  He is attempting to program computers to interact with their users by non-standard (keyboard, mouse) methods.  Using off the shelf hardware (cyber gloves, head-mounted eye-tracking gear, and magnetic space sensing cubes that are sewn into clothing), he and his students are creating systems whereby a user would not have to be skilled to interact with a computer.  He wants, "normal interaction with the machine--like you would with a human.  This will open the information highway to the world that cannot use computers."  His view of the future includes large screens, flat wall, or holographic screens which "spread-out information in space, like the real world." MODEL RELEASED.(1994)
    USA_SCI_MIT_05_120_xs.jpg
  • The Media Lab at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Counter Intelligence program at MIT Media Lab in Boston, Massachusetts is focusing on developing a digitally connected kitchen of the future. By exploring new technologies they hope to expand the art of food preparation as well as social interactions in the kitchen. One aspect of their research is to create kitchen utensils that contain memories. In this image a digital nose sniffs a handful of garlic. While the project is ongoing, these images were shot in 1999. Mat Gray (Model Released) with digital nose, which detects aromas and smells. (1999)
    USA_SCI_MIT_02_xs.jpg
  • Graduate student Dan Paluska adjusts mechanisms of the lower torso and extremity robot, called M2. The robot is funded by a DARPA (US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) program called Tactile Mobile Robotics. DARPA's goal is to replace soldiers and rescue workers in dangerous situations. MIT Leg Lab, Cambridge, MA.
    Usa_rs_591_120_xs.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Food is distributed monthly free of charge by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). Here, salt is rationed among the families. (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_8687_xf1brw.jpg
  • Paul Jefferson, a blind amputee in army hospital in England was wounded by a land mine in Kuwait. Paul Jefferson, who had overseen the de-mining of the Falklands. He had also written a manual on defusing Russian land mines. But he stepped on one and lost a leg, his eyes, and parts of his hands. Photographer Peter Menzel visited him in a veterans' hospital for the blind in England a few months later and made a short video on his rehabilitation and recollections of the accident. In this photo he is being taught to type with a computer program that sounds out the letters as he types them.
    KUW_074_xs.jpg
  • Star Wars research: neutral particle beam accelerator at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The accelerator was part of the Reagan White House project for a space-based accelerator that could produce a high-energy, uncharged particle beam that might examine, disarm, & even destroy distant objects (such as ballistic missiles), as part of America's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) - the "Star Wars" program. Neutral (uncharged) particle beams are necessary because the influence of the Earth's magnetic field on electrically charged particles would cause them to travel in spirals. Los Alamos, New Mexico. (1988)
    USA_SCI_NUKE_49_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia: The annual Snow Bath at the Winter Carnival in Quebec, Canada. Onlookers gather to cheer on these snow bathers. Seventy-five courageous men and women brave the cold. Their only protection: a bathing suit. Three quick dips in the snow interrupted with a short break out of the cold are part of the program. Ice Palace seen in the background. [1988]
    CAN_SCI_HYP_02_xs.jpg
  • SUPER SUPPER WITH I-GOGS"  Photo Illustration for the Future of Communication GEO (Germany) Special issue. Fictional Representation and Caption: Statistics and cultural studies always harked that families who dine "ensemble" have much better relations than those who do not. The time-honored tradition of families eating together fell by the wayside by the end of the 20th century. In the time-starved 21st century, families re-instituted the practice, but with a twist. They ritualistically eat together but are nearly all multi-tasking at the same time. But they can and often do interact with new half-mirrored goggles "I-GOGS" that allow virtually any computer/TV/school/ or video game program to be played at any time. Mealtime became an opportunity to share data as well as food. The Elkins family of Yountville, California are all surfing various audio-visual entertainment nodes while partaking of their Friday evening fish logs, sports drinks and Jello. MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_SCI_COMM_04_xs.jpg
  • Mackenzie Wolfson at breakfast with her fellow campers during a weight loss program at Camp Shane in the Catskill Mountains, New York. (MacKenzie Wolfson is featured in the What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_300_xw.jpg
  • The M2 humanoid robot, built in the basement of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Leg Lab, took its first tentative steps in the year 2000. Dan Paluska, a mechanical engineering grad student, leads M2's hardware design and construction. The lower torso robot is funded by a DARPA (US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) program called Tactile Mobile Robotics. DARPA's goal is to replace soldiers and rescue workers in dangerous situations. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA USA.
    Usa_rs_590_120_xs.jpg
  • The robotic dinosaur Triceratops moves from the welding station where its base was attached to the recording studio where sound will be added to the computer program. Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_15_xs.jpg
  • Looking into the eyes of Jack the robot, Gordon Cheng tests its response to the touch of his hand. Researchers at the Electrotechnical Lab at Tsukuba, an hour away from Tokyo, Japan, are part of a project funded by the Japanese Science and Technology Agency to develop a humanoid robot as a research vehicle into complex human interactions. With the nation's population rapidly aging, the Japanese government is increasingly funding efforts to create robots that will help the elderly. Project leader Yasuo Kuniyoshi wants to create robots that are friendly and quite literally soft, the machinery will be sheathed in thick padding. In contrast to a more traditional approach, Kuniyoshi wants to program his robot to make it learn by analyzing and fully exploiting its natural constraints. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 56-57.
    Japan_JAP_rs_279_qxxs.jpg
  • The Breidjing Refugee Camp, Eastern Chad on the Sudanese border shelters 30,000 people who have fled their homes in Darfur, Sudan. Men move bags of donated and purchased grain which is handed out to the refugee families who are organized into blocks every month by the United Nations WFP (World Food Program). (Supporting image from the project Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.)
    CHA104_9000b_1024xf1rw.jpg
  • The mother and sister-in-law of Kibet Serem chat while a pot of milk heats over a fire to make yogurt in their village near Kericho, Kenya. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) Kibet looks after a tea plantation that his father planted on their property when Kibet was a young boy and is responsible for milking the cows that his family owns. He sells extra milk to a nearby school for a government feeding program and gives some to his mother who makes yogurt and sells it. Their staple food is ugali, a maize meal porridge.
    KEN_090227_021_xxw.jpg
  • Abdel Karim Aboubakar, a Sudanese refugee, with his day's worth of food in the Breidjing Refugee Camp in eastern Chad near the Sudanese border. (From the book What I Eat; Around the World in 60 Diets.) The caloric value of his day's worth of food on a typical day in the month of November was 2300 kcals. He is 16 years of age; 5 feet 9.5 inches tall; and 110 pounds. He escaped over the border from the volatile Darfur region of Sudan into eastern Chad with his mother and siblings, just ahead of the Janjawiid militia that were burning villages of ethnically black African Sudanese. Like thousands of other refugees, they were accepted into the camp program administrated by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Their meals are markedly similar to those they ate in their home country, there's just less of it. They eat a grain porridge called aiysh, with a thin soup flavored with a dried vegetable or sometimes a small chunk of dried meat if Abdel Karim's mother has been able to work in a villager's field for a day or two. MODEL RELEASED.
    CHA_041114_756_xxw.jpg
  • Virtual reality. Harry Marples, Computer Scientist, programming a system that will allow visitors a 3-D guided tour of a new building before it is even built. Plans for a proposed design are fed into a computer, which is capable of displaying them in sophisticated 3-D graphics. Thus the real building is presented by the computer as a virtual one. Visitors wearing special headsets fitted with video goggles and spatial sensors can move from room to room within the virtual space as if they were in the real world. Optical fibers woven into rubber data gloves provide a tactile dimension. Photo taken at the Computer Science Dept., University of North Carolina. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_07_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality. Harry Marples, Computer Scientist, programming a system that will allow visitors a 3-D guided tour of a new building before it is even built. Plans for a proposed design are fed into a computer, which is capable of displaying them in sophisticated 3-D graphics. Thus the real building is presented by the computer as a virtual one. Visitors wearing special headsets fitted with video goggles and spatial sensors can move from room to room within the virtual space as if they were in the real world. Optical fibers woven into rubber data gloves provide a tactile dimension. Photo taken at the Computer Science Dept., University of North Carolina. Model Released Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_05_xs.jpg
  • The cafeteria at Camp Shane in the Catskill Mountains, New York, which specializes in weight loss programs for teens and young adults.  There are about 500 male and female campers housed in small cabins on shaded hillsides overlooking athletic fields, a small lake, and the camp's most important building, the cafeteria.
    USA_080717_288_xw.jpg
  • The ghoulish host for Secrets of the Crypt Keeper's Haunted House, a Saturday-morning television show for kids, is an animatronic; that is, lifelike electronic-robot. Built by AVG, of Chatsworth, California, the Crypt Keeper can show almost every human expression, although it must first be programmed to do so. Larger gestures of head and hand are created not by programming, but by electronically linking the robotic figure to an actor. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 207.
    USA_rs_376_qxxs.jpg
  • The inner workings of the first generation face robot from the Hara-Kobayashi Lab in Tokyo, Japan. The first of several face robots made in Fumio Hara's lab, it has a CCD camera in its left eye that sends images to neural-network software that recognizes faces and their expressions. Calling upon its repertoire of programmed reactions, it activates the motors and pulleys beneath its flexible skin to produce facial expressions of its own. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 4.
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  • After he removes its skin, Fumio Hara gets the once-over from a face robot in the lab he co-directs with Hiroshi Kobayashi at the Science University of Tokyo, Japan. The first of several face robots made in his lab, it has a CCD camera in its left eye that sends images to neural-network software that recognizes faces and their expressions. Calling upon its repertoire of programmed reactions, it activates the motors and pulleys beneath its flexible skin to produce facial expressions of its own. The project is relatively unusual in its focus, many researchers believe that making robots walk and manipulate objects is so difficult that facial expressions are not yet worth working on. Hara disagrees, arguing that robots with animated faces will communicate with humans much more easily. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 74-75.
    Japan_JAP_rs_4_qxxs.jpg
  • At a robotics exhibition in Tokyo, Japan,  Samuel Setiawan (in white shirt) and two other Waseda University graduate students cautiously stand by during a lengthy prewalk checklist for WABIAN-RII. To their dismay, the robot initially has trouble negotiating the wooden floor, which is much springier than the concrete floor in the lab, where it had been programmed to walk. After some frantic reprogramming, Setiawan, the primary student researcher on the project, is able to make WABIAN walk its assigned path. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 38.
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  • Exemplifying the attempts by Japanese researchers to put a friendly face on their robots, DB's creators are teaching it the Kacha-shi, an Okinawan folk dance. Unlike most robots, DB did not acquire the dance by being programmed. Instead, it observed human dancers?project researchers, actually, and repeatedly attempted to mimic their behavior until it was successful. Project member Stefan Schaal, a neurophysicist at the University of Southern California (in red shirt), believes that by means of this learning process robots will ultimately develop a more flexible intelligence. It will also lead, he hopes, to a better understanding of the human brain. The DB project is funded by the Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Humanoid Project and led by independent researcher Mitsuo Kawato. Based at a research facility 30 miles outside of Kyoto, Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 51.
    Japan_JAP_rs_234_qxxs.jpg
  • In a years-long quest, students at Waseda University in Tokyo, Japan are constantly tweaking the programming of WABIAN R-II in the hope of making the heavy, two-meter-tall machine walk as easily as a human being. WABIAN sways from side to side as it walks, but its builders are not discouraged by its imperfections: walking in a straight line, which humans can do without thinking, in fact requires coordinated movements of such fantastic complexity that researchers are pleased if their creations can walk at all. Indeed, researchers built the robot partly to help themselves understand the physics of locomotion. It took decades of work to bring WABIAN to its present state: its first ancestor was built in 1972. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 14.
    Japan_JAP_rs_229_qxxs.jpg
  • Myron Kruger and his assistant, Katrin Hinrichsen, 'shooting' at each other with computer-generated sparks. Kruger is a pioneer of artificial reality, a method allowing people to interface directly with computers. In Kruger's method, called VideoPlace, the participants stand in front of a backlit screen. A video camera forms an image of their silhouette; the computer is programmed to respond to particular actions in a particular way. Here the computer sees the operators pointing, and interprets this as fire a spark in this direction. The computer-generated image appears in the background here on a large video screen. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_03_xs.jpg
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