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  • A woman carrying her listless child in a refugee camp near Merca, 100 km. south of Mogadishu, Somalia, the war-torn capital of Somalia. March 1992.
    SOM_19_xs.jpg
  • Worshipers at  a Sunday morning church service at the home of Pastor John (far left with shaved head and checkered shirt). Pastor John runs Windows of Hope, a christian church mission in Ghanzi, Botswana that helps orphans and other children in need. Some of the children under his care have been orphaned by AIDS.
    BOT_090315_033_xw.jpg
  • Seven-year-old Masahiko Nozue gets down on the floor and romps with AIBO, Sony's robotic pet dog. The Nozues had wanted a real dog, but pets are not allowed in their apartment. AIBO never needs to be fed, bathed, or walked, although it can simulate urination; it doesn't shed hair, bark at the neighbors, or need to be kept in a kennel when its owners go on vacation. Still, its behavior is so lifelike that the Nozues find it hard to treat it like a machine. One charge on its rechargeable battery lasts about two hours, and during that time AIBO is for all intents and purposes one of the family. Yokohama, Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 224-225.
    Japan_JAP_rs_247_qxxs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research: Research on exercise in cold water, part of an assessment of exercise regimes for victims of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth, a volunteer rides an exercise bicycle while immersed in cold water at a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit. A variety of probes measure his vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. The tube connected to his mouth delivers a monitored air supply. People afflicted by MS need regular exercise, but the rise in body temperature this provokes often causes uncontrollable shaking. Exercise in cold water helps counter this effect. MODEL RELEASED [1988]  .Hypothermia is a medical condition in which the victim's core body temperature has dropped to significantly below normal and normal metabolism begins to be impaired. This begins to occur when the core temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit). If body temperature falls below 32 °C (90 °F), the condition can become critical and eventually fatal. Body temperatures below 27 °C (80 °F) are almost uniformly fatal, though body temperatures as low as 14 °C (57.5 °F) have been known to be survivable.  [[http://encycl.opentopia.com/term/Hypothermia]]
    USA_SCI_HYP_01_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research: Research on exercise in cold water, part of an assessment of exercise regimes for victims of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth, a volunteer rides an exercise bicycle while immersed in cold water at a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit. A variety of probes measure his vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. The tube connected to his mouth delivers a monitored air supply. People afflicted by MS need regular exercise, but the rise in body temperature this provokes often causes uncontrollable shaking. Exercise in cold water helps counter this effect. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_02_xs.jpg
  • Sheepherder Miguel Angel Martinez Cerrada watches as his brother Paco quenches his thirst with a long pour of red wine from a porron, a traditional glass container designed to eliminate the need for individual glassware at their house in the tiny village of Zarzuela de Jadraque, Spain. (Miguel Angel Martinez Cerrada  is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  Because the brothers eat mainly meat, they're largely self-sufficient when it comes to food. Because there isn't a bakery or market in their small village, they shop once a week in Guadalajara or another larger town about a half-hour drive away.  MODEL RELEASED.
    SPA_070401_080_xw.jpg
  • Camel broker Saleh Abdul Fadlallah with his day's worth of food at the Birqash Camel Market outside Cairo, Egypt. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) The caloric value of his day's worth of food on a typical day in the month of April was 3200 kcals.  He is 40 years of age; 5 feet, 8 inches tall; and 165 pounds. Contrary to popular belief, camels' humps don't store water; they are a reservoir of fatty tissue that minimizes the need for heat-trapping insulation in the rest of their bodies; the dromedary, or Arabian camel, has a single hump, while Asian camels have two. Camels are well suited for desert climes: their long legs and huge, two-toed feet with leathery pads enable them to walk easily in sand, and their eyelids, nostrils, and thick coat protect them from heat and blowing sand. These characteristics, along with their ability to eat thorny vegetation and derive sufficient moisture from tough green herbage, allow camels to survive in very inhospitable terrain. MODEL RELEASED.
    EGY_080322_157_xxw.jpg
  • Faith D'Aluisio, one of the authors of the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets surrounded by camels at the  Birqash Camel Market outside Cairo, Egypt. Contrary to popular belief, camels’ humps don’t store water; they are a reservoir of fatty tissue that minimizes the need for heat-trapping insulation in the rest of their bodies; the dromedary, or Arabian camel, has a single hump, while Asian camels have two. Camels are well suited for desert climes: their long legs and huge, two-toed feet with leathery pads enable them to walk easily in sand, and their eyelids, nostrils, and thick coat protect them from heat and blowing sand. These characteristics, along with their ability to eat thorny vegetation and derive sufficient moisture from tough green herbage, allow camels to survive in very inhospitable terrain.
    EGY_080321_037_x.jpg
  • Miguel Angel Martinez Cerrada watches as his brother Paco quenches his thirst with a long pour of red wine from a porron, a traditional glass container designed to eliminate the need for individual glassware at their house in the tiny village of Zarzuela de Jadraque, Spain. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  Because the brothers eat mainly meat, they're largely self-sufficient when it comes to food. Because there isn't a bakery or market in their small village, they shop once a week in Guadalajara or another larger town about a half-hour drive away.  MODEL RELEASED.
    SPA_070401_301_xxw.jpg
  • In the past, weavers of the Ura Valley village of Ura traded weavings for food to supplement the limited crops that would grow in the subsistence farmer's poor soil. Today, they might just as well be selling the weavings to a wholesaler or a passerby for currency to purchase the foods they need. The village has electricity now, powered by a hydroelectric plant. Work.  From coverage of revisit to Material World Project family in Bhutan, 2001.
    Bhu_mw2_92_xs.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. The petri dish contains cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each plantlet has been cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, do not need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme. This tomato entered American supermarkets in 1994 but was withdrawn from the marketplace by Monsanto (which bought Calgene in 1997). Research conducted at Calgene in California, USA. [1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_07_xs.jpg
  • Application of virtual (artificial) reality computer systems in medical diagnostic imaging, showing a magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the head next to a scientist wearing a headset. Computer scientists here at the University of North Carolina aim to distill various types of diagnostic images, (X-rays, CT, MRI) into a vivid digital model, that is displayed through the head-mounted displays. Advantages of this type of presentation include not being bound by screen conventions, such as a lack of step back features, wider area views & the need to control a keyboard or mouse. Future uses may exist in the accurate targeting of radiotherapy. Stereo tactic radiotherapy technique. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_04_xs.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. Geneticist Dr Virginia Ursin examines cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each dish contains seedlings cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, don't need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme. This tomato entered American supermarkets in 1994 but was withdrawn from the marketplace by Monsanto (which bought Calgene in 1997). Research at Calgene, California, USA. MODEL RELEASED [1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_10_xs.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. Geneticist Dr. Virginia Ursin examines cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each dish contains seedlings cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, don't need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme. This tomato entered American supermarkets in 1994 but was withdrawn from the marketplace by Monsanto (which bought Calgene in 1997). Research at Calgene, California, USA. MODEL RELEASED [1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_09_xs.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. Geneticist Dr Virginia Ursin examines cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each dish contains seedlings cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, don't need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme. This tomato entered American supermarkets in 1994 but was withdrawn from the marketplace by Monsanto (which bought Calgene in 1997). Research at Calgene, California, USA. MODEL RELEASED.[1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_11_xs.jpg
  • Like most food markets in India, Ujjain's central market is a maelstrom of shoppers elbowing their way around hundreds of vendors sitting on tarpaulins with piles of produce. Cows, revered by Hindus, wander with them, though salespeople and shoppers alike push them out of the way if they get too inquisitive. The Patkar family of Ujjain, India, habituated to the tumult, move with the crowd, calmly picking out what they need. Hungry Planet: What the World Eats (p. 171). The Patkar family of Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India, is one of the thirty families featured, with a weeks' worth of food, in the book Hungry Planet: What the World Eats.
    IND04_0005_xxf1.jpg
  • Child workers take a break at the JRB brick factory near Sonargaon, outside Dhaka, Bangladesh. Unlike the garment industry, where child labor restrictions are more closely monitored, rural agriculture and industry are less regulated and there is little if any oversight or enforcement. When queried, some laborers at a nearby site defended the use of child workers, saying poor families need their children to be breadwinners now if they are to have any kind of future. The heavy clay soils along the river near the market town of Sonargaon are well suited for making bricks. At the JRB brick factory, workers of all ages move raw bricks from long, stacked rows, where they first dry in the sun, to the smoky coal-fired kilns.
    BAN_081214_411_xw.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. The petri dish contains cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each plantlet has been cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, do not need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme.   Research conducted at Calgene in California, USA. [1995].
    USA_SCI_BIOT_08_xs.jpg
  • The Lagavale family with all their possessions in front of their house. The family lives in a 720-square-foot tin-roofed open-air house with a detached cookhouse in Poutasi Village, Western Samoa. The Lagavales have pigs, chickens, a few calves, fruit trees and a vegetable garden. They farm, fish, and make crafts to support themselves. They also work for others locally, which helps supplement their modest needs. Published in Material World, pages 170-171.
    Wsa_mw_01_xxs.jpg
  • Used tires entering a prototype burning-burning power station in Westley, California. The tires are used as fuel to run an electricity generator. It is estimated that one tire can serve the energy needs of the average northern California household for a day. A tire mountain containing around 40 million tires dominates the landscape (background); the plant is expected to burn some 4 million tires annually. Several environmental protection systems reduce emissions from the plant; a smog-control system neutralizes nitrous oxides, a scrubber system removes sulphur & a giant vacuum cleaner removes fly ash. Both the sulphur & the zinc- containing fly ash are recycled. (1988).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_66_xs.jpg
  • The Lagavale family with all their possessions in front of their house. The family lives in a 720-square-foot tin-roofed open-air house with a detached cookhouse in Poutasi Village, Western Samoa. The Lagavales have pigs, chickens, a few calves, fruit trees and a vegetable garden. They farm, fish, and make crafts to support themselves. They also work for others locally, which helps supplement their modest needs. Published in Material World, pages 170-171.
    Wsa_mw_01_xxs.jpg
  • Crop dusting. Spraying pesticides on agricultural crops in California. The worker holding the flag (known as a "flagger") marks the row where the duster needs to spray next. Flagman at the end of rice field, with seeder plane approaching.
    USA_AG_CRPD_27_xs.jpg
  • Mountain of used tires at a prototype tire- burning power station in Westley, California. The tires are used as fuel to run an electricity generator. It is estimated that one tire can serve the energy needs of the average northern California household for a day. The mountain contains around 40 million tires & the plant is expected to burn some 4 million tires annually. Several environmental protection systems reduce emissions from the plant; a smog-control system neutralizes nitrous oxides, a scrubber system removes sulphur & a giant vacuum cleaner removes fly ash. Both the sulphur & the zinc-containing fly ash are recycled. (1988).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_64_xs.jpg
  • Rick Bumgardener with his recommended daily weight-loss diet at his home in Halls, Tennessee. (From the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) The caloric value of his day's worth of food in the month of February was 1,600 kcals. He is 54 years of age; 5 feet, 9 inches tall; and 468 pounds. Wheelchair-bound outside the house and suffering from a bad back and type 2 diabetes, he needs to lose 100 pounds to be eligible for weight-loss surgery. Rick tries to stick to the low-calorie diet pictured here but admits to lapses of willpower. Before an 18-year career driving a school bus, he delivered milk to stores and schools, and often traded with other delivery drivers for ice cream. School cafeteria staff would feed the charming Southerner at delivery stops, and he gained 100 pounds in one year. The prescription drug fen-phen helped him lose 100 pounds in seven months, but he gained it all back, plus more. MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_080215_087_xxw.jpg
  • Researchers adjust the mechanism of WE-3RIII, Waseda University's head robot, after it accidentally whiplashed into its own wires. In a situation all too familiar to robotics researchers, Atsuo Takanishi ( hand on right) is trying to make his creation work. His research team's robot, WE-3RIII (Waseda Eye Number 3 Refined Version III) can follow a light with its digital-camera eyes, moving its head if needed. In the laboratory the robot worked perfectly, its movements almost disconcertingly lifelike. But while being installed at a robot exhibit in Tokyo, WE-3RIII inexplicably and violently threw back its head, tearing apart its own wiring. Now Takanishi and one of his students (hand on left) are puzzling over the problem and will solve it only in the early hours of the morning before the exhibit opened. Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 233.
    Japan_JAP_rs_59_qxxs.jpg
  • The Lagavale family, dressed in their Sunday best for the White Sunday holiday church services, cheerfully pose for the camera in Poutasi Village, Western Samoa. The Lagavale family lives in a 720-square-foot tin-roofed open-air house with a detached cookhouse in Poutasi Village, Western Samoa. The Lagavales have pigs, chickens, a few calves, fruit trees and a vegetable garden. They farm, fish, and make crafts to support themselves. They also work for others locally, which supplements their modest needs. Material World Project.
    Wsa_mw_700_xs.jpg
  • Crop dusting. Spraying pesticides on agricultural crops in California.  The worker holding the flag (known as a "flagger") marks the row where the duster needs to spray next. Flagman at the end of rice field, with seeder plane approaching.
    USA_AG_CRPD_27_xs.jpg
  • Thousands of wine barrels in the aging cellars of the ultra-contemporary Bodegas Campillo in Laguardia, Spain. They use stainless steel fermentation tanks but employs both modern and traditional methods in the winemaking process. Their aging barrels are both American and French oak. The bodegas' youngest wine is four years old. The winery maintains an area where buyers of quantities of the wine can store what they buy. Because of automation, there are only five fulltime employees running the extensive entire daily operation. Few year round workers are needed. La Rioja, Laguardia, Spain.
    SPA_027_xs.jpg
  • A German fossil expert carrying the skull of a fossil fish, Xiphactinus. This photo was taken in a motel in Tucson, Arizona, during the annual Fossil Fair. Amateur and commercial collectors gather at the fair to trade in fossil remains. Although many academics are unhappy with such events, amateur collectors frequently discover the remains of previously unknown species or very fine examples of known species. Such fossils are recovered from private land: in the USA private individuals are rarely granted the special license needed to hunt for fossils on public land. MODEL RELEASED (1991)
    USA_SCI_FOS_09_xs.jpg
  • Mountain of used tires at a prototype tire- burning power station in Westley, California. The tires are used as fuel to run an electricity generator. It is estimated that one tire can serve the energy needs of the average northern California household for a day. The mountain contains around 40 million tires & the plant is expected to burn some 4 million tires annually. Several environmental protection systems reduce emissions from the plant; a smog-control system neutralizes nitrous oxides, a scrubber system removes sulphur & a giant vacuum cleaner removes fly ash. Both the sulphur & the zinc-containing fly ash are recycled. (1988).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_65_xs.jpg
  • Alternative Energy: Mesquite Lake Cattle Manure Power Plant, California. The Mesquite Lake Resource Recovery Project is the world's first cattle manure-fired, commercial scale power plant. The plant burns cattle manure from nearby feedlots. The manure was becoming a serious waste problem because it was of limited value as a fertilizer in the area. In many cases, feedlot owners had to pay to have the manure removed. At Mesquite Lake, this waste material is burned and the heat generates steam, which drives a turbine/generator and produces about 17 megawatts of electrical power. After supplying plant needs, 14-15 megawatts are sold to Southern California Edison. This is enough power to supply the needs of a community of about 15,000 to 20,000 homes. (1990).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_58_xs.jpg
  • MODEL RELEASED. Gene therapy. Geneticist Dr Donald Kohn with a five-month-old Apache baby who suffers from SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency). The baby is receiving gene therapy for its condition. It is isolated in a sterile tent to prevent infection. The rare genetic mutation of SCID destroys the immune system making the body unable to fight infection. SCID babies lack a vital enzyme, which their immune system needs. Gene therapy involves inserting a gene for this enzyme into stem bone marrow cells and transplanting the cells into the baby. With this enzyme, stem cells may produce normal immune system blood cells. Photographed at the Children's Hospital in Los Angeles, USA.
    USA_SCI_MED_15_xs.jpg
  • At the time, the robot Strut, a work in progress, could not walk at all, it could only stand. (It walked sometime later.) But simply getting the robot to stand properly was a major accomplishment. Like a human being, Strut has such complex, interreacting mechanical "musculature" that considerable processing power is needed simply to keep it erect. Osaka (Japan) University Department of Computer-Controlled Mechanical Systems, built by Junji Furusho and research associate Masamichi Sakaguchi. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 48.
    Japan_JAP_rs_267_qxxs.jpg
  • Posing for a portrait at the Osaka  (Japan) University Department of Computer-Controlled Mechanical Systems, Junji Furusho (seated) and research associate Masamichi Sakaguchi show off Strut, their child-sized humanoid robot. At the time, the robot, a work in progress, could not walk at all?it could only stand. (It walked sometime later.) But simply getting the robot to stand properly was a major accomplishment. Like a human being, Strut has such complex, interreacting mechanical "musculature" that considerable processing power is needed simply to keep it erect. Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 49.
    Japan_JAP_rs_228_qxxs.jpg
  • In a situation all too familiar to robotics researchers, Atsuo Takanishi (on right) is trying to make his creation work. His research team's robot, WE-3RIII (Waseda Eye Number 3 Refined Version III) can follow a light with its digital-camera eyes, moving its head if needed. In the laboratory the robot worked perfectly, its movements almost disconcertingly lifelike. But while being installed at a robot exhibit in Tokyo, WE-3RIII inexplicably and violently threw back its head, tearing apart its own wiring. Now Takanishi and one of his students are puzzling over the problem and will solve it only in the early hours of the morning before the exhibit opened. Japan.From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 40-41..
    Japan_JAP_rs_12_qxxs.jpg
  • Sucking up ashes in a London living room, the RoboVac, shown here in a photo-illustration, shuttles randomly around the area, vacuuming everything in its path. Built by Kärcher, a German appliance company, the RoboVac monitors the level of dirt in the stream of incoming air with its optical sensors, that is, it detects when an area especially needs cleaning. When the RoboVac hits a grimy spot, the machine passes back and forth over it until the incoming air is clean, and so too, presumably, is the floor. London, UK. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 164-165.
    GBR_rs_8_qxxs.jpg
  • Women harvest wheat in terraced strips through the hillsides near their home in the village of Shingkhey, Bhutan. Each strip is devoted to a different crop, and dependent on the season: wheat, rice, chilies, or potatoes. The wheat harvest, now in full swing, is assigned to the women. They take two long, dowel-like sticks, pinch a fistful of wheat heads between them, and then pull up, snapping off the heads. For long-term storage, they cut the whole stalk, bind it into sheaves, and store the result in the attic, from where it is threshed little by little, as the family needs it. The family of subsistence farmers lives in a 3-story rammed-earth house in the hillside village of Shingkhey, Bhutan. From Peter Menzel's Material World Project that showed 30 statistically average families in 30 countries with all their possessions.
    Bhu_mw_726_xs.jpg
  • The wheat harvest in the small village of Shingkhey, Bhutan, now in full swing, is assigned to the women. They take two long, dowel-like sticks, pinch a fistful of wheat heads between them, and then pull up, snapping off the heads. For long-term storage, they cut the stalks down, bind them into sheaves, and store them in the attic. It is threshed little by little, as the family needs it. Published in Material World: A Global Family Portrait, page 75.
    Bhu_mw_04_xxs.jpg
  • Industrial-robot designer Norio Kodaira of Mitsubishi smiles proudly behind his Melfa EN, a robot arm that moves with incredible speed and dexterity to assemble pieces, drill holes, make chips, or just about any repetitive task that needs to be done quickly and precisely. Like many Japanese roboticists, Kodaira was inspired as a child by Tetsuwan Atomu (Astro Boy), a popular Japanese cartoon about a futuristic robot boy who helps human beings (a 15-centimeter Astro Boy action figure). Astro Boy, drawn in the 1950's, will soon be the star of a major motion picture. In the story line, his birthdate is in April of 2003. Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 196.
    Japan_JAP_rs_65_qxxs.jpg

Peter Menzel Photography

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